CrossGov

US Government Takes Equity Stakes in Critical Minerals Companies: How Washington's Approach Compares With China and the EU

Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In July 2025 the Pentagon became a major shareholder in the company that runs America’s only operating rare earth mine. The Defense Department bought $400 million of MP Materials preferred stock at $30.03 a share, with warrants, added a $150 million loan, and promised two things a market investor never would: a ten-year price floor of $110 per kilogram for the company’s neodymium-praseodymium oxide, and a ten-year commitment to buy all the output of a new magnet plant.

FedRAMP 20x Reaches 538 Certified Cloud Services on a $10 Million Budget, While Europe Still Has No Common Cloud Certification

Sat, 10 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

FedRAMP is the US government’s security approval for cloud services. If a federal agency wants to run its work on someone’s cloud, the service generally needs FedRAMP clearance first. In fiscal 2026, which ended on 30 September, the programme issued 92 new certifications, bringing the total to 538 cloud offerings. Agencies issued 760 new authorisations to use them.

It did that with 17 federal employees, 15 contractors and a budget of $10 million, of which it spent just under $9 million.

GAO Finds New Impoundment Violations as the House Proposes a 25% Cut to Congress's Watchdog

Sat, 10 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On 7 October 2026 the Government Accountability Office issued two more decisions finding that the executive branch broke the Impoundment Control Act. One concerned the EPA’s Community Change Grants. The other found that HHS’s Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality withheld more than $78 million that Congress had appropriated.

They join a long list. In 2025 GAO found violations involving electric-vehicle charging money under the NEVI programme, the Institute of Museum and Library Services, Head Start, the National Institutes of Health, FEMA and, in part, a DOE school-energy programme. By April 2025 it had 39 impoundment investigations open.

DOE Genesis Mission Picks 278 AI Science Projects as Data Center Deals Advance on Federal Land

Fri, 09 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Department of Energy runs seventeen national laboratories and some of the fastest computers in the world. Since November 2025 it has also been running the federal government’s main bet on AI for science.

Executive Order 14363, signed on 24 November 2025, launched the Genesis Mission. It told the Energy Secretary to list at least twenty national science and technology challenges within 60 days, to find computing resources and data within 90 to 120 days, and to show an initial working version of a shared AI platform on at least one challenge within 270 days, which fell in late August 2026.

Supreme Court Strikes Down IEEPA Tariffs: $122 Billion in Refunds and the Section 301 and 232 Tariffs That Replaced Them

Thu, 08 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On 20 February 2026 the Supreme Court ruled 6 to 3 that the International Emergency Economic Powers Act doesn’t give the President the power to impose tariffs. Chief Justice John Roberts wrote for the majority in Learning Resources v. Trump, decided together with V.O.S. Selections. Justices Kavanaugh, Thomas and Alito dissented.

The ruling knocked out the legal basis for most of the tariffs imposed since early 2025. Customs and Border Protection stopped collecting them on 24 February. By then it had taken in about $166 billion from more than 330,000 importers.

GSA OneGov AI Deals Move Past $1 Pricing as Federal Procurement Consolidates and the FAR Is Rewritten

Wed, 07 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In August 2025 three AI companies offered the US government their enterprise products for almost nothing. OpenAI put ChatGPT Enterprise on the table at $1 per agency for a year. Anthropic offered Claude for $1 across all three branches of government. Google came in at 47 cents for Gemini. All three went through OneGov, a programme the General Services Administration launched in April 2025 to negotiate governmentwide deals directly with big software makers.

OECD Tax Burden Hits a Record 34.1% of GDP While the US Stays at 25.6%, and Pillar Two Carves Out US Companies

Wed, 07 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Taxes across the OECD reached their highest level on record in 2024. The average tax-to-GDP ratio rose 0.3 percentage points to 34.1%, according to the OECD’s Revenue Statistics 2025, published in December. It went up in 22 of 36 countries with data, fell in 13 and didn’t move in one.

Denmark had the highest ratio at 45.2%. Mexico had the lowest at 18.3%. The United States came in at 25.6%, unchanged from 2023 and down from 28.0% in 2022. That’s about 8.5 points below the OECD average.

DOE's Office of Energy Dominance Financing Shifts Federal Energy Loans to Nuclear, Gas and the Grid

Tue, 06 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On 5 October 2026 the Department of Energy offered Vistra a conditional loan of up to $4.2 billion to boost output at three nuclear plants, Beaver Valley in Pennsylvania and Davis-Besse and Perry in Ohio. The deal adds 433 megawatts and keeps about 4 gigawatts running for another twenty years. A month earlier DOE closed a $1.9 billion loan to NextEra to restart the Duane Arnold nuclear plant in Iowa.

US Cyber Information-Sharing Law Runs on Stopgaps While the EU Cyber Resilience Act Reporting Clock Starts

Tue, 06 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On 11 September 2026 a new obligation started for every company selling software or connected hardware in the EU. If a vulnerability in one of their products is being actively exploited, they now have 24 hours to send an early warning, 72 hours to file a notification, and 14 days after a fix is available to send a final report. It applies to products already on the market too. ENISA, the EU cybersecurity agency, opened its single reporting platform the same day.

DOE Emergency Orders Keep Coal Plants Open as a Court Rules Against the Campbell Order and FERC Delays Data Center Rules

Mon, 05 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

J.H. Campbell is a 1,560-megawatt coal plant on Lake Michigan. Its owner, Consumers Energy, planned to close it in May 2025. On 23 May 2025, days before the date, the Department of Energy ordered it to keep running. It has been running on rolling 90-day orders ever since.

On 11 September 2026 the D.C. Circuit ruled 3 to 0 that DOE exceeded its authority in issuing that order. It’s the first appeals court ruling on DOE’s new use of emergency power over the grid, and it lands while DOE has a stack of similar orders in force.

US Government Funded to December 11 After a Year of Record Shutdowns

Sun, 04 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Fiscal year 2027 started on 1 October with the US government open. That’s worth saying, because over the past twelve months it often wasn’t.

It’s running on a continuing resolution. H.R. 6500, the Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2027, became Public Law 119-103 on 2 September 2026. It keeps agencies funded at existing levels until 11 December, 72 days into the fiscal year. If Congress does nothing more, funding lapses on 12 December. None of the twelve regular appropriations bills for the year has been enacted.

Federal AI Preemption vs State Laws: Colorado Retreats, California Holds and Congress Stalls

Sat, 03 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

There is still no federal law that overrides state AI rules in the United States. Twenty-one months into an administration that wants one, the score looks like this: one state law rewritten under pressure, one state law in force and untouched, and a federal bill that hasn’t been introduced.

The fight matters beyond America. The EU has one AI rulebook for 27 countries. The US could end up with fifty, or with one written by Washington, or with none. Which of those it gets will shape how AI is built for a large share of the world’s users.

EU-US Data Privacy Framework Survives Its First Court Test as Brussels Pushes Sovereign Cloud

Fri, 02 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In June 2025 a French Senate inquiry asked Microsoft France’s legal director a simple question. Could he guarantee that data about French citizens held by Microsoft would never be handed to US authorities without French approval? Anton Carniaux answered: “No, I cannot guarantee it.”

That answer is the whole EU–US data problem in five words. American cloud providers run most of Europe’s computing. American law, including the CLOUD Act of 2018, can require them to hand over data they control, wherever it’s stored. European law says personal data may only leave the EU for countries with adequate protection. The two have collided in court twice already. A third case is now on its way to the EU’s highest court.

Semiconductor Export Controls Fragment: Nvidia H200 Licences Stall, Nexperia Splits and China Targets Japan

Thu, 01 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On 28 September 2026 China’s Commerce Ministry confirmed what Washington had announced a few days earlier: the US–China trade truce is extended by two months, to 10 January 2027. With it goes the pause on a US rule that would have extended chip export controls to companies majority-owned by listed Chinese firms.

Two months is the new unit of semiconductor policy. Rules are issued, suspended, licensed, frozen and extended on short timers, and each government runs its own clock. For a chip company, the problem in 2026 is four or five moving regimes that don’t line up.

Platform Rules Split the West: DSA Fines on X and Temu, US Visa Bans and the Spread of Under-16 Social Media Bans

Wed, 30 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On 5 December 2025 the European Commission issued the first fine under the Digital Services Act: €120 million against X. The charges were all about the platform’s design: a blue checkmark the Commission found deceptive, an advertising repository that didn’t meet the rules, and blocked data access for researchers.

About three weeks later, US Secretary of State Marco Rubio announced visa bans on five Europeans connected to online content rules. They included Thierry Breton, the former EU commissioner who had driven the DSA, and the heads of three campaign groups that work on online hate and disinformation. The Commission strongly condemned it. Emmanuel Macron called it intimidation and coercion. A US judge later issued a temporary order protecting one of the five, Imran Ahmed.

DOGE Ends as GAO Calls Its $110 Billion Savings Claim Unreliable and the Federal Workforce Shrinks 11%

Tue, 29 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Department of Government Efficiency formally ended on 4 July 2026, the date written into the executive order that created it. There was no closing report. OMB Director Russell Vought said there wouldn’t be one. In practice DOGE had stopped existing months earlier. In November 2025, Reuters quoted OPM Director Scott Kupor saying of it, “That doesn’t exist.” Its functions had been folded into OPM.

What DOGE leaves behind is two sets of numbers: the savings it claimed and the people who left government. GAO has now checked both.

Digital Identity Compared: Estonia, India, the EU Wallet and Britain's Retreat

Mon, 28 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Every EU member state has to offer its citizens a digital identity wallet by 24 December 2026. That’s the deadline set by the European Digital Identity regulation, counted from implementing acts that took effect at the end of 2024. Public services must accept the wallets from the end of this year. Certain private services, like banks, follow from the end of 2027.

Three months out, the honest count is short. No certified EU wallet has been confirmed as launched. France, Italy, Austria and Belgium have wallet-style apps in production. Germany’s state wallet is planned for 2 January 2027, a week late. Estonia, of all places, only opened its wallet tender in May 2026. Sweden is aiming for 2028 or 2029.

EU SAFE Defence Loans Start Flowing as Europe Tries to Buy Weapons Together

Sun, 27 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On 29 May 2026 the European Commission paid Poland €6.56 billion. It was the first pre-financing payment under SAFE, the EU’s €150 billion defence loan instrument, and the money arrived three weeks after Warsaw signed its loan agreement. By the end of August, nine member states had received roughly €11.9 billion between them.

SAFE is the first time the EU has borrowed at scale to buy weapons. It’s also a test of whether Europe can do the thing it has talked about for twenty years: buy together.

Germany vs Denmark: How Federalism Slowed German Digital Government

Sat, 26 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In 2025, Danes used MitID, their national digital login, an average of 94.4 million times a month. That’s in a country of about six million people. 97.2% of residents over 15 have an active MitID. Digital Post, the state’s electronic mailbox, reaches 4.88 million residents and carried more than 253 million messages last year.

Germany set itself a target in 2017. The Online Access Act, the OZG, required about 575 administrative services to be available online by the end of 2022. Two months before the deadline, the federal regulatory control council’s monitor found 33 offered in most states.

EU Delays AI Act High-Risk Rules to December 2027 While the UK Waits and China Enforces Labels

Fri, 25 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The EU’s AI Act was meant to bite hardest on 2 August 2026. That was the date when rules for high-risk AI, the systems that screen job applicants, score credit, grade exams or support policing, were due to apply. They didn’t. Brussels moved the date, by law, a month before.

The change came through the Digital Omnibus, which the Commission proposed in November 2025. Negotiators struck a deal in May 2026, Parliament endorsed it in June by 423 votes to 57 with 174 abstentions, and the Council signed off on 29 June. It entered into force on 27 July 2026 as Regulation (EU) 2026/1744.

Why Government Databases Still Cannot Talk to Each Other

Thu, 24 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Every government says it wants the once-only principle. You give the state a piece of information once, and every agency that needs it later fetches it from the one that already has it. No more uploading your birth certificate to a ministry that issued it.

The OECD’s Digital Government Outlook, published in June 2026, put the gap in one line: the principle is widely endorsed and rarely practised. On average only 63% of public institutions in the countries it surveyed share data through their national interoperability systems. The building blocks are mostly there. The OECD counts 74% of core digital public infrastructure components as available. Agencies just don’t use them with each other.

EU Public Procurement Act Proposes a European Preference, and Washington Threatens to Retaliate

Wed, 23 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On 9 September 2026 the European Commission proposed a single Public Procurement Act to replace the three directives that have governed public purchasing in the EU since 2014. Most of it is about simplification: fewer procedures, digital-only tendering, connected national registers. One chapter is about something else. Articles 70 to 77 would let public buyers favour European companies.

Six days later, the United States sent EU capitals a paper warning that it would review all potential response measures, including ending the waivers that let European firms bid for US defence contracts.

Five Eyes Under Strain: Allies Limit Intelligence Sharing With Washington Case by Case

Wed, 23 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The UKUSA agreement was signed in March 1946, between Britain and the United States. Canada joined in 1948, Australia and New Zealand in 1956. For most of the eighty years since, the arrangement now called Five Eyes has been the closest intelligence partnership between sovereign states anywhere. Raw signals intelligence moves between the five almost as if they were one service.

That still mostly holds. What changed in 2025 is the edges. Several allies now decide case by case what they hand to Washington, and Washington has started deciding case by case what it hands back.

US Debt Limit of $41.1 Trillion Expected to Bind in 2027: How Denmark, Germany and the EU Handle Borrowing Limits

Tue, 22 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The US federal debt limit stands at $41.1 trillion. The July 2025 budget reconciliation law raised it by $5 trillion. That bought about two years. The Congressional Budget Office’s February 2026 outlook says the Treasury will reach the limit sometime in 2027. The Bipartisan Policy Center expects it between late winter and mid-summer of 2027, with the Treasury’s accounting manoeuvres, known as extraordinary measures, adding another six to nine months.

Why Government IT Projects Fail: Lessons From Phoenix, HealthCare.gov, Horizon and Robodebt

Tue, 22 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Canada approved a new federal pay system in July 2009. The budget was about $310 million, and the promise was savings of $70 million or more a year. Phoenix went live in 2016. By June 2025 it had cost Canada more than $5.1 billion, according to a Public Services and Procurement Canada official, and it still isn’t fixed.

The Auditor General’s report tabled in March 2026 counted a backlog of 233,653 pay transactions at the end of September 2025, affecting 133,619 public servants. That’s half the peak of 447,080. Ottawa is now building a replacement on Dayforce, estimated at more than $4.2 billion. So a project meant to save money will end up costing roughly thirty times its first budget, plus the price of a second system to replace it.

Nexperia Split in Two: Dutch Court Probe, a Chinese Asset Freeze and a New Deal With India's Tata

Fri, 18 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On 17 September 2026 Nexperia signed a framework agreement with Tata Electronics to make chips in India: wafer fabrication at Dholera in Gujarat, assembly and testing in Assam. No volumes or dates were announced. A year ago Nexperia was a single Dutch company owned by a Chinese group. Now its European side is looking for new places to make chips, because it can no longer rely on its own factories in China.

UK Civil Service Stays Near a 20-Year High While the US Federal Workforce Shrinks by 11%

Wed, 16 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In March 2025 Britain’s Chancellor, Rachel Reeves, promised to cut the running costs of government departments by 15% by 2029-30 and said she was confident civil service numbers could fall by 10,000. In January 2026 the government raised the target to a 16% cut in administrative costs over five years.

The latest figures, published by the Office for National Statistics on 15 September 2026, show 557,000 people in the UK civil service in June 2026. That’s 1,000 fewer than in March, and 6,000 more than a year earlier. Measured as full-time equivalents, the civil service reached about 524,000 in March 2026, the highest since 2005.

China Puts About 60 Japanese Entities Under Export Restrictions as Japan's Dysprosium Imports Fall 82%

Tue, 15 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In the first half of 2026, Japan imported 13 tonnes of dysprosium. Two years earlier, in the same months, it had imported about five times as much. Dysprosium is a heavy rare earth that keeps magnets working at high temperatures, the kind in electric motors and defence equipment. According to trade data reported in August, China shipped no terbium or dysprosium oxide at all to Japan from November 2025 to mid-2026.

Statistics Agencies Under Strain: BLS After the Firing, ONS After the Review, and Argentina's Shelved Inflation Index

Mon, 14 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On 1 August 2025, hours after the July jobs report came out, President Trump fired the Commissioner of Labor Statistics, Erika McEntarfer. The report showed 73,000 new jobs, and revisions cut the previous two months by a combined 258,000. The President said the numbers were rigged. He gave no evidence.

It took a year to replace her. The first nominee, E.J. Antoni of the Heritage Foundation, was named in August 2025 and withdrawn at the end of September. The Bureau of Labor Statistics ran under an acting commissioner, William Wiatrowski. In January 2026 the President nominated Brett Matsumoto, a BLS price-index economist since 2015 who had also worked at the Council of Economic Advisers. The Senate confirmed him by 51 votes to 47 in August 2026.

India Stack Goes Abroad: DPI Agreements With 24 Countries, MOSIP Digital ID in 14 National Rollouts and UPI Live in 11

Sat, 12 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On 29 July 2026 India’s minister of state for electronics told the Lok Sabha that India had signed agreements on digital public infrastructure with 24 countries. A month later the government said its UPI payment system was live in eleven countries outside India. And MOSIP, an open-source digital ID platform built at a Bangalore institute, counts 14 national rollouts.

India is doing something few governments have managed. It’s exporting the plumbing of its own state.

UK G-Cloud 15 Opens With 4,233 Suppliers as the Government Commercial Agency Replaces Crown Commercial Service

Fri, 11 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

G-Cloud, the British government’s marketplace for buying cloud software and services, relaunched in August 2026 in its fifteenth version. It has 4,233 suppliers, about 90% of them small and medium-sized firms. The government expects about £3 billion a year to flow through it, or about £14 billion over its four-year term. Contracts called off from it can now run for up to five years.

It’s the oldest serious attempt by any large government to make buying technology simple. Since 2012, public bodies have spent £24.4 billion through it. It’s worth looking at what worked, and what the numbers say about who benefits.

Chip Subsidies Compared: US Takes an Intel Stake, EU Drafts Chips Act 2.0, Japan Funds Rapidus and Korea Legislates

Thu, 10 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In August 2025 the US government became one of Intel’s largest shareholders. It took 9.9% of the company, 433.3 million shares at $20.47 each, for $8.9 billion. The money wasn’t new. It was $5.7 billion of CHIPS Act grants Intel hadn’t yet received, plus $3.2 billion from a defence programme for secure chips, converted from grants into equity.

Four years after the big chip subsidy laws, the four main manufacturing democracies outside Taiwan are spending in very different ways. Washington is turning grants into deals. Brussels is rewriting its law after admitting the target was out of reach. Tokyo is pouring money into one national champion. Seoul has moved from subsidies to legislation and funds.

GAO 2026 Duplication Report: $774 Billion Saved Since 2011, $100 Billion Still on the Table, and $186 Billion in Improper Payments

Wed, 09 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Since 2011 GAO has published an annual report on duplication, overlap and fragmentation in the federal government: programmes that do the same thing, agencies that trip over each other, and money that could be saved by fixing it. The sixteenth edition came out on 12 May 2026.

The headline number is big. GAO estimates that acting on its past recommendations has produced about $774.3 billion in financial benefits since 2011, up about $49.3 billion since the previous report. GAO calls these rough estimates.

X-Road Beyond Estonia: Ukraine's Trembita Passes 25 Billion Exchanges as Finland Makes Its Data Layer Voluntary

Tue, 08 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

By March 2026 Ukraine’s state data exchange, Trembita, had handled 25 billion successful transactions between government registers. It connects more than 210 data resources and over 1,000 services. Ukraine’s digital ministry claims it has saved the state 95 billion hryvnias. It passed 10 billion in February 2025, so the pace is still climbing, in the middle of a war.

Trembita runs on X-Road, the open-source data exchange Estonia built in the early 2000s. It cost €9.4 million to build between 2016 and 2021, paid for by the EU and six member states. That is cheap by the standards of almost any national IT project.

NATO 2026 Defence Spending Estimates: Five Allies Above 3.5% While Spain Holds Out

Mon, 07 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

A year after NATO leaders agreed at The Hague to spend 5% of GDP on defence by 2035, the alliance’s own estimates for 2026 show how far apart its members still are. Five allies already spend more than 3.5% of GDP on core defence, the part of the target that counts troops, equipment and operations. Most of the big Western European economies are somewhere between 2% and 2.7%.

The figures came out in early July 2026, ahead of NATO’s summit in Ankara.

OECD Digital Government Index 2025: Korea, Australia and Portugal Lead, and What They Do Differently

Sun, 06 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The OECD’s Digital Government Index scores countries from 0 to 1 on how well their governments use digital tools and data. In the 2025 edition, published in February 2026 and covering 42 countries, South Korea scored 0.95. Australia came second with 0.88 and Portugal third with 0.86. Then came the UK, Norway, Estonia, Ireland and Denmark.

The average rose from 0.61 in 2023 to 0.70. Governments are getting better at this, on paper at least. The interesting question is why three quite different countries ended up on top.

HS2 Reset at Up to £102.7 Billion and California High-Speed Rail Without Federal Money: Two High-Speed Lines in Trouble

Sat, 05 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On 19 May 2026 Britain’s Transport Secretary, Heidi Alexander, gave Parliament the new price of HS2. The line from London to Birmingham will cost between £87.7 billion and £102.7 billion. In 2019 prices, the estimate is now £70.9 to £82.2 billion, against £35 to £45 billion before. The first trains, between Old Oak Common in west London and Birmingham Curzon Street, are expected between May 2036 and October 2039. The full route into Euston follows between 2040 and 2043.

Japan's My Number Card Reaches 83% of the Population as Tokyo Tries to Catch South Korea in Digital Government

Fri, 04 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

At the end of April 2026, about 103 million My Number cards were in circulation in Japan, enough for 82.7% of the population. Three weeks later the governing Liberal Democratic Party proposed making the card legally compulsory. The Digital Minister, Hisashi Matsumoto, said on 22 May that the idea needed discussion.

That small exchange sums up Japan’s five-year digital push. The government has got most people to take the card. Getting them to use it, and to trust it, has been harder.

Second Avenue Subway vs Madrid Metro: Why New York Pays Over Ten Times the Global Average per Mile

Thu, 03 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In June 2026 New York broke ground on the main construction stage of Second Avenue Subway Phase 2. It’s 1.8 miles of tunnel from 96th Street to 125th Street, with three new stations. The construction budget is about $6.9 billion, and the full cost with financing is about $7.7 billion. That works out at more than $4 billion a mile. The tunnel boring machine starts at 120th Street in early 2027, and trains are due in 2032.

GAO 2025 High-Risk List: 38 Federal Programs, 10 Improved, 3 Got Worse

Wed, 02 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Every two years the Government Accountability Office publishes a short list of the parts of the US government most likely to waste money or fail at their job. The 2025 edition, released on 25 February 2025, has 38 entries. Some have been on it for decades.

It’s the closest thing Washington has to an official map of where things go wrong. Read with the right eye, it’s also a guide to which reforms actually work.

About

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

CrossGov is an independent publication about what happens where governments meet. Where they share data, copy each other’s laws, buy the same software, sign treaties, sanction the same companies, or fall out over all of the above.

Most government coverage stops at the border. A story about American AI rules rarely mentions that Brussels just delayed its own. A story about a failed tax system in one country rarely asks why the neighbour’s works. We start from the other end. Pick one problem, then look at how several governments handle it, and what the difference tells you.

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